Heart of Algebra

Inequalities

Shade above or below? Dashed or solid line? Learn the visual language of SAT Inequalities.

Foundation: Reading the Symbols

Inequalities are just equations with a "direction".

Inequality Symbols & Number Lines
< or >

Strict

"Less than" / "Greater than"

○ Open Circle
≤ or ≥

Inclusive

"...or equal to"

● Closed Circle

The Shading Cheat Sheet

Assuming \(y\) is on the left side (e.g., \(y > ...\)):

> or ≥

SHADE ABOVE

Think: "Greater" = "Higher"

< or ≤

SHADE BELOW

Think: "Less" = "Lower"

2D Linear Inequalities

On the Cartesian plane, an inequality represents an entire region of solutions.

2D Inequality Shading Guide

Example: \(y > 3x + 2\)

  • 📈 Line: \(y = 3x + 2\) (Dashed)
  • 🎨 Shading: Above the line
  • 💡 Logic: "Greater than" means we want the region with higher y-values.

Example: \(y \le -x + 4\)

  • 📉 Line: \(y = -x + 4\) (Solid)
  • 🎨 Shading: Below the line
  • 💡 Logic: "Less than or equal to" includes the line and everything under it.
Symbol Line Type Meaning
> or < Dashed Points ON the line are NOT solutions.
≥ or ≤ Solid Points ON the line ARE solutions.
⚠️ Critical Test Trap:

"Which point is a solution?" If the point is ON a dashed line, the answer is NO. If it's ON a solid line, the answer is YES.